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ARXIV:2604.11304 · AI AGENTS · SUBMITTED 14 APR · 20:32 UTC · FRESHNESS STALE
ARXIV:2604.11304AI AGENTSSUBMITTED 14 APR · 20:32 UTCFRESHNESS STALEElaine Lau · Markus Dücker · Ronak Chaudhary · Hui Wen Goh · Rosemary Wei · Vaibhav Kumar · +21 at arXiv
BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards.
Opportunity summary
Pain BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards.
Evidence 0 refs | 4 sources | 50% coverage
Blocker Evidence unverified
BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-value, labor-intensive profession, we introduce…
Existing AI benchmarks lack the fidelity to assess economically meaningful progress on professional workflows. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-value, labor-intensive profession, we introduce BankerToolBench (BTB): an open-source benchmark of end-to-end analytical…
ScienceToStartup currently rates this 8.0/10 on the public viability pass. BTB enables automated evaluation of any LLM or agent, scoring deliverables against 100+ rubric criteria defined by veteran investment bankers to capture stakeholder utility.…
AI Agents moved forward this cycle; last verified April 2026. Public score 8.0/10. Production flags indicate code availability.
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Score8.0Public score shown from the verified overall while the stale axis breakdown refreshesAnalysis summary
BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards.
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Paper Pack
10.48550/arXiv.2604.11304BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards.
Abstract
Existing AI benchmarks lack the fidelity to assess economically meaningful progress on professional workflows. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-value, labor-intensive profession, we introduce BankerToolBench (BTB): an open-source benchmark of end-to-end analytical workflows routinely performed by junior investment bankers. To develop an ecologically valid benchmark grounded in representative work environments, we collaborated with 502 investment bankers from leading firms. BTB requires agents to execute senior banker requests by navigating data rooms, using industry tools (market data platform, SEC filings database), and generating multi-file deliverables--including Excel financial models, PowerPoint pitch decks, and PDF/Word reports. Completing a BTB task takes bankers up to 21 hours, underscoring the economic stakes of successfully delegating this work to AI. BTB enables automated evaluation of any LLM or agent, scoring deliverables against 100+ rubric criteria defined by veteran investment bankers to capture stakeholder utility. Testing 9 frontier models, we find that even the best-performing model (GPT-5.4) fails nearly half of the rubric criteria and bankers rate 0% of its outputs as client-ready. Our failure analysis reveals key obstacles (such as breakdowns in cross-artifact consistency) and improvement directions for agentic AI in high-stakes professional workflows.
Source availability
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Extraction status
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Proof status
unverified0 refs; 4 sources; 50% coverage.
What was readable
Derived fallback: Estimated from adjacent evidence; not verified from source.
Viability
Time to MVP
Commercial
Export
Preparing verified analysis
Dimensions overall score 8.0
PROBLEM
BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-value, labor-intensive profession, we introduce BankerToolBe...
METHOD
Existing AI benchmarks lack the fidelity to assess economically meaningful progress on professional workflows. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-value, labor-intensive profession, we introduce BankerToolBench (BTB): an open-source benchmark of end-to-end analytical workfl...
RESULT
ScienceToStartup currently rates this 8.0/10 on the public viability pass. BTB enables automated evaluation of any LLM or agent, scoring deliverables against 100+ rubric criteria defined by veteran investment bankers to capture stakeholder utility. Code availability is flagged i...
WHY NOW
AI Agents moved forward this cycle; last verified April 2026. Public score 8.0/10. Production flags indicate code availability.
Abstract-backed public claims while anchored extraction refreshes.
BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-value, labor-intensive profession, we introduce BankerToolBench (BTB): an open-source benchmark of end-to-end analytical workflows routinely performed by junior investment bankers.
Abstract-backed fallback claim; anchored extraction has not materialized a public claim row yet.
partial
Existing AI benchmarks lack the fidelity to assess economically meaningful progress on professional workflows. To evaluate frontier AI agents in a high-value, labor-intensive profession, we introduce BankerToolBench (BTB): an open-source benchmark of end-to-end analytical workflows routinely performed by junior investment bankers.
Abstract-backed fallback claim; anchored extraction has not materialized a public claim row yet.
partial
ScienceToStartup currently rates this 8.0/10 on the public viability pass. BTB enables automated evaluation of any LLM or agent, scoring deliverables against 100+ rubric criteria defined by veteran investment bankers to capture stakeholder utility. Code availability is flagged in the production record; the public repository link still needs proof alignment.
Abstract-backed fallback claim; anchored extraction has not materialized a public claim row yet.
partial
AI Agents moved forward this cycle; last verified April 2026. Public score 8.0/10. Production flags indicate code availability.
Abstract-backed fallback claim; anchored extraction has not materialized a public claim row yet.
partial
Paper-native neighborhood for concepts, methods, materials, markets, and competitors. Missing lanes stay labeled instead of disappearing behind commercialization gates.
Concepts
Methods
Materials
Markets
Competitors
BankerToolBench is an open-source benchmark evaluating AI agents in end-to-end investment banking workflows, showing current frontier models fail to meet professional standards.
Segment
AI Agents
Adoption evidence
No public code link in the paper record yet
Commercial read
8.0/10 public viability
Direct
Adjacent
Substitute
Unknown
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Bluesky
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CITED BY
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Foundation
Extension
Commercially relevant
Owned Distribution
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2/3 checks · 67%
Build Passport
Build passport pending - Proof Lab budget No verified cost estimate / $7.00 cap
status
missing
reason
passport_row_missing
proof status
unverified
cost/budget
No verified cost estimate
confidence low
next verification path
Build brief missing until Build Passport data exists.
Source missing: Build Passport payload.
Experiment plan missing until prototype path is available.
No prototype path attached.
Validation checklist missing until required assets, cost, and regulatory flags are verified.
No checklist artifact is attached to the Build Passport payload.
Derived signals show verified:false until source-backed receipts exist.
Evidence coverage
OpportunityKernel evidence_receipt
0 refs / 4 sources / 50% coverage
stale
Verify missing sources before using this as buyer proof. verified:false
Build readiness
BuildPassport EvidenceState
passport absent
stale
Run Proof Lab or inspect typed missing state. verified:false
Artifact maturity
GitHub and Hugging Face maturity payloads
No public artifact surface observed
stale
Open source artifacts or mark the gap as missing. verified:false
Technical feasibility
partial
Current read
Runnable path is not fully verified.
Evidence
No Build Passport payload attached.
Gaps
Next test
Run minimal reproduction from the Build Passport prototype path.
Market urgency
missing
Current read
Buyer urgency is not verified from source.
Evidence
0 references, 4 sources, 50% evidence coverage.
Gaps
Next test
Collect buyer interview, deployment evidence, or cited demand signal.
Buyer clarity
missing
Current read
No budget owner is verified for this paper.
Evidence
Build tab has no CRM, procurement, or operator source.
Gaps
Next test
Map target operator, economic buyer, and procurement trigger.
Defensibility
missing
Current read
Defensibility signals are missing.
Evidence
No defensibility receipt attached.
Gaps
Next test
Refresh defensibility bars with source receipts.
Integration burden
missing
Current read
No public implementation surface observed.
Evidence
No GitHub or Hugging Face payload attached.
Gaps
Next test
Write integration checklist from prototype path and target workflow.
Capital intensity
missing
Current read
No observed cost estimate is verified.
Evidence
Cost passport has no observed_usd value.
Gaps
Next test
Run cost passport or mark the cost field not applicable.
Regulatory load
missing
Current read
No regulatory classification is attached.
Evidence
Build Passport ledger does not include regulatory flags.
Gaps
Next test
Classify regulatory flags before commercialization planning.
No named scientific founder assigned.
Paper authors are not treated as operators without consent.
People
No named person assigned.
Gaps
Next verification path
Prototype owner missing.
Build Passport does not name an implementer.
People
No named person assigned.
Gaps
Next verification path
Operator workflow not sourced.
No buyer or workflow interview attached.
People
No named person assigned.
Gaps
Next verification path
No GTM owner verified.
No CRM or outreach source attached.
People
No named person assigned.
Gaps
Next verification path
Regulatory need unclassified.
No clinical or regulatory source attached.
People
No named person assigned.
Gaps
Next verification path
ARTIFACTS
No public artifacts yet.
DEFENSIBILITY
Defensibility and confidence evidence pending.
WATCHTOWER
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FORESIGHT
No prediction yet — minted on next Foresight batch.
OPPORTUNITYKERNEL CHANGES SINCE LAST VIEW
No verified OpportunityKernel changes since the last view.
COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE UPDATES
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RELATED PAPER UPDATES
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SIGNAL CANVAS HISTORY AND DELTAS
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TIMELINE
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BUZZ
Buzz trend pending.